Opportunities and Challenges in Developing HOTS-based Practice Questions in Arabic Language Learning at SMA 1 Muhammadiyah Ponorogo
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study aims to examine the opportunities and challenges of developing Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based questions in Arabic language learning at SMA 1 Muhammadiyah Ponorogo. The background of this study is the importance of critical, analytical, and creative thinking skills in the 21st century and the demands of the Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes competency-based learning. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis is conducted thematically using the Miles & Huberman model. The results indicate that the implementation of HOTS-based exercises holds significant potential for enhancing students' higher-order thinking skills. Through these exercises, students are encouraged to be more active, independent, and able to connect knowledge with real-life contexts. Arabic language learning in this school has also indicated HOTS practices, such as through discussions, question-and-answer sessions, and analytical assignments. This has a positive impact on increasing student engagement and understanding. However, this study also identified various challenges, such as students' limited understanding due to their familiarity with memorization-based questions, the lack of HOTS questions in textbooks, low student interest in grammar and long texts, and limited learning time. To overcome these challenges, strategic steps are needed, such as developing a bank of HOTS questions, intensive training for teachers, utilizing learning technology, and compiling contextual questions that are relevant to students' daily lives. With collaborative support between teachers, schools, and stakeholders, the development of HOTS-based questions has the potential to improve the quality of Arabic language learning and optimize the achievement of the Merdeka Curriculum objectives.
Keywords: Arabic language learning, HOTS, opportunities and challenges
This study aims to examine the opportunities and challenges of developing Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based questions in Arabic language learning at SMA 1 Muhammadiyah Ponorogo. The background of this study is the importance of critical, analytical, and creative thinking skills in the 21st century and the demands of the Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes competency-based learning. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis is conducted thematically using the Miles & Huberman model. The results indicate that the implementation of HOTS-based exercises holds significant potential for enhancing students' higher-order thinking skills. Through these exercises, students are encouraged to be more active, independent, and able to connect knowledge with real-life contexts. Arabic language learning in this school has also indicated HOTS practices, such as through discussions, question-and-answer sessions, and analytical assignments. This has a positive impact on increasing student engagement and understanding. However, this study also identified various challenges, such as students' limited understanding due to their familiarity with memorization-based questions, the lack of HOTS questions in textbooks, low student interest in grammar and long texts, and limited learning time. To overcome these challenges, strategic steps are needed, such as developing a bank of HOTS questions, intensive training for teachers, utilizing learning technology, and compiling contextual questions that are relevant to students' daily lives. With collaborative support between teachers, schools, and stakeholders, the development of HOTS-based questions has the potential to improve the quality of Arabic language learning and optimize the achievement of the Merdeka Curriculum objectives.
Keywords: Arabic language learning, HOTS, opportunities and challenges
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