Pengembangan media pemebelajaran materi pasar dan harga berbasis simulasi pasar di kelas X-3 SMAN 1 GONDANGLEGI

Abstract

Innovation in learning is expected to enhance students' interest and engagement in the topic of markets and price formation for Grade X Economics in high school. This study aims to develop a real-market simulation-based learning media using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) approach through a Research and Development (R&D) model based on ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects were 32 students of class X-3 at SMAN 1 Gondanglegi Malang (16 males, 16 females) during February May 2026. Data were collected via pretest-posttest (20 questions), ARCS motivation questionnaire (15 Likert items), activity observation, and expert validation; analysis employed N-Gain, percentages, and quantitative descriptive methods.Results indicate the media is valid (90% by the guiding teacher), effective (N-Gain 0.62 medium; pretest 55.23 to posttest 82.67), with student engagement at 90.6% (from baseline 25%) and learning motivation at 83.2% (very good category). The simulation using authentic props (rice, chilies, play money) on the school field excels due to its multisensory nature and alignment with the Merdeka Curriculum, integrating PBL, dual coding, ARCS, and experiential learning theories.

Keywords: Problem Based Learning (PBL), market simulation, learning media, markets and prices, Grade X Economic