Application of Taguchi Experimental Design Method to Find an Optimum Composition of Mortar Mix Material with Silica Fume

Ilma Yukha Kusumawardhani, Hariyadi Hariyadi, Jauhar Fajrin

Abstract


Improving mortar performance and reducing cement consumption through the use of pozzolanic additives, such as silica fume, supports sustainable construction. Reducing cement usage is essential, given the significant contribution of cement production to global CO₂ emissions. This study aims to determine the optimum mortar mix composition using the Taguchi experimental design method. Four key factors—cement, sand, silica fume, and water—were tested at four levels using an L16(4⁵) orthogonal array. Cube specimens (5 × 5 × 5 cm) were tested for compressive strength at 28 days. The optimum mix consisted of 71.99 g cement, 165 g sand, 15 g silica fume (20.836% of cement weight), and 37.25 g water, with a water-to-cement ratio (W/C) of 0.52, equivalent to a water-to-binder ratio (FAB) of 0.43, resulting in a compressive strength of 57.14 MPa. ANOVA results showed that water had the most significant influence (45.377%), followed by cement (15.027%), sand (11.260%), and silica fume (7.590%). The Taguchi method effectively identified the optimal combination with minimal trials. Confirmation tests showed results within the predicted confidence interval, validating the optimum mix. The optimized composition exceeded the strength requirements for Type M mortar (SNI 03-6882-2002), indicating its suitability for sustainable structural applications requiring high compressive strength.

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References


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